What is meant by "blocking" in theatre?

Blocking in theatre refers specifically to the planned movements and positioning of actors on stage. It is a crucial aspect of directing and staging a performance, as it involves the precise arrangements of where actors will move, stand, and interact with one another and the set. Proper blocking helps to convey the story effectively, allowing the audience to follow the action and understand the relationships between characters. It also takes into consideration sightlines, ensuring that all audience members can see the performers and the action taking place.

The other aspects mentioned in the options, although related to theatre production, do not define blocking. Choreography involves the specific dance movements designed for musical numbers, while descriptions of props and scenery pertain to different elements of staging that complement the action rather than the movements of the actors themselves. Lighting establishes mood and atmosphere but is separate from the physical staging of performers within the theatrical space. Thus, blocking specifically centers on the actors' movements and positioning, making it an essential foundational element of any performance.